INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE

INFORMATION APPLICATION SYSTEMS

-Hardware

-People

-Software

-Data

DATA

-Data is distinct pieces of information, usually formatted in a special way. All software is divided into two general categories:data and programs. Programs are collections of instructions for manipulating data.

-e.g. personal data, course data

Activies that involve data

-purchase using credit card

-booking flight ticket

-shopping online

FILE BASED APPROACH

-collecton of applications programs that perfrom services for the end users (e.g reports)

Limitations of File Based Approach

-separation and isolation of data

-duplication of data

-data dependence

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

-Shared collection of logically related data (and a description of this data), designed to meet the information needs of an organization.

-software that handles the storage, retrieval, and updating of data in a computer system.

-A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables you to store, modify, and extract information from a database. There are many different types of database management systems, ranging from small systems that run onpersonal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes.

The following are examples of database applications

• computerized library systems

• automated teller machines

• flight reservation systems

• computerized parts inventory systems​​

Components of DBMS Environment

-Hardware

-Software

-Data

-People

-Procedures

ADVANTAGES OF DBMS

•Control of data redundancy

•Data consistency

•More information from the same amount of data

•Sharing of data

•Improved data integrity

•Improved security

•Enforcement of standards

•Economy of scale

DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS

•Complexity

•Size

•Cost of DBMS

•Additional hardware costs

•Cost of conversion

•Performance

•Higher impact of a failure

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